What is a Patent?
Patents are government grants that give inventors exclusive rights to their inventions.
Patents are vital resources for businesses, researchers, inventors, academics, and others who need to keep abreast of developments in their fields.
Patents are also an important means of sharing know-how, because each patent document describes a new aspect of a technology in clear and specific terms and is available for anyone to consult.
For the Beginning Searcher
Searching for patents on specific devices, processes, or inventions can be complex. If you are looking for a specific patent you can search by patent number or inventor’s name. However, if you are exploring what patents exist in certain areas you can search by keyword or browse the classification indexes:
European Classification System (ECLA)
Patent Offices of the World
Search espacenet for European, U.S., and worldwide patents.
- Often considered the best place to start a patent search
- The European Classification System (ECLA) is used by the EPO for classifying patents
- Publication coverage: 1836 - present
United States Patent and Trademark Organization (USPTO)
Search PATFT for issued patents and AppFT for patent applications
- U.S. patents from 1790 to present, applications 2001 to present. Patents issued from 1790 through 1975 are searchable only by patent number, issue date, and current U.S. classifications
- The older U.S. patents are presented as TIFF image files. (You can install a free TIFF reader that is designed in part for reading U.S. patent office files)
- The USPTO classifies patents under the U.S. Patent Classification System (USPC)
- Anatomy of a U.S. Patent Document
Canadian Intellectual Property Office (CIPO)
The Canadian Patents Database contains patent documents from 1869 to the present (full-text documents, 1920 to present.)
- Note that the text of the abstracts and claims sections is not available for patents that were granted prior to August 15, 1978. These patents can only be searched by their patent number, titles, owner or inventor names, or classification.
- Patent documents filed prior to October 1, 1989, are classified according to the Canadian Patent Classification (CPC) system. Patent documents filed on or after October 1, 1989, are classified according to the International Patent Classification (IPC) system.
- Anatomy of a Canadian Patent Document
World Intellectural Property Office (PatentScope)
Search international patent applications (1978 to present) on Patentscope. The WIPO classifies patents according to the International Patent Classification (IPC) key.
Search the Patent Abstracts of Japan (PAJ) database
Google Patent Search
This searches the USPTO.
Derwent Innovations Index
Derwent Innovations Index® facilitates rapid, precise patent searching, letting you conduct patent and citation searches of inventions in chemical, electrical, electronic, and mechanical engineering.
To search for patents, click on the link for Web of Knowledge below. Then use the drop down menu to select Derwent.
Other Sources of Patent Information
Free Patents Online – free patent search website
Patent Lens – search and retrieve the full-text of over ten million patent documents from US, Europe, Australia and WIPO, their status and counterparts up to 70 countries
Intellogist – some very useful free, online patent tools
Patents @ the UofS
The Industrial Liaison Office (ILO) is a department of the University of Saskatchewan created in 2004 reporting to the Vice President Research.
One function of ILO is to commercialize intellectual property (e.g. inventions) arising from university-generated research.
Science Librarian Contacts
Please contact Li Zhang in the Science Library if you require further assistance.